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Measures

​​​​​​​​​​​​​​DePaul Symptom Questionnaires are below: 

These are our questionnaires for measuring symptoms of ME/CFS, ME, and COVID-19. Psychometric properties of our surveys are cited below. All instruments are free to use. If you are considering translating any of our surveys, please let us know as we would be happy to provide you with helpful suggestions.

DePaul Symptom Questionnaire-1 (DSQ-1):
References:
Scoring:
Translations:

DePaul Symptom Questionnaire-2 (DSQ-2):
Reference:
Scoring:
Translation:

DePaul Symptom Questionnaire – Short Form (DSQ-SF):
Reference:
Scoring:
Translations:

Pediatric Questionnaires
DePaul Symptom Questionnaire – Pediatric Screening Questionnaire (DSQ-PSQ):
DePaul Symptom Questionnaire – Pediatric (DSQ-PED):
Reference:
Scoring:
Translations:
  1. Parent Form - Latvian Version​
  2. Child Form - Latvian Version

Post-Exertional Malaise:
DePaul Symptom Questionnaire – Post-Exertional Malaise (DSQ-PEM):
Reference:
DePaul Post-Exertional Malaise Questionnaire (DPEMQ):
Reference:

DePaul Symptom Questionnaire - COVID (DSQ-COVID):

DSQ-COVID - PDF

Translations:

German Version - DSQ-COVID​

DSQ 1

Conroy, K., Bhatia, S., Islam, M., & Jason, L.A. (2021). Homebound versus bedridden status among patients with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Healthcare, 9(2), 106. PMCID: PMC7909520 https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9020106

Kemp, J., Sunnquist, M., Jason, L.A., & Newton, J.L.  (2019). Autonomic dysfunction in myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome: Comparing self-report and objective measures. Clinical Autonomic Research, 29(4), 475-477. PMCID: PMC6697554  https://doi.org/10.1007/s10286-019-00615-x 

Huber, K., Sunnquist, M., & Jason, L.A. (2018). Latent class analysis of a heterogeneous international sample of patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome. Fatigue: Biomedicine, Health & Behavior, (6)3, 163-178. PMCID: PMC6703845 https://doi.org/10.1080/21641846.2018.1494530

Strand, E.B., Lillestøl, K., Jason, L.A., Tveito, K., Diep, L. M. Valla, S.S., Sunnquist, M., Helland, I.B., Herder, I., & Dammen, T. (2016): Comparing the DePaul Symptom Questionnaire with physician assessments: A preliminary study, Fatigue: Biomedicine, Health & Behavior,  4(1), 52-62. https://doi.org/10.1080/21641846.2015.1126026

Murdock KW, Wang XS, Shi Q, Cleeland CS, Fagundes CP, Vernon SD.(2016) The utility of patient-reported outcome measures among patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome. Qual Life Res, 26, 913–21. doi: 10.1007/s11136-016-1406-3

Jason, L.A., Kot, B., Sunnquist, M., Brown, A., Evans, M., Jantke, R., Williams, Y., Furst, J., & Vernon, S.D. (2015). Chronic fatigue Syndrome and myalgic encephalomyelitis: Toward an empirical case definition. Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine: An Open Access Journal, 3, 82-93. PMCID: PMC4443921 https://doi.org/10.1080/21642850.2015.1014489

Jason, L.A., Kot, B., Sunnquist, M., Brown, A., Reed, J., Furst, J., Newton, J. L., Strand, E.B., & Vernon, S. D. (2015). Comparing and contrasting consensus versus empirical domains. Fatigue: Biomedicine, Health & Behavior, 3, 63-74. PMCID: PMC4788637 http://doi.org/10.1080/21641846.2015.1017344

Jason, L.A., Sunnquist, M., Brown, A., Newton, J. L., Strand, E. B., & Vernon, S. D. (2015). Chronic fatigue syndrome versus Systemic Exertion Intolerance Disease.Fatigue: Biomedicine, Health & Behavior, 3, 127–141. PMCID:PMC4556426 https://doi.org/10.1080/21641846.2015.1051291

Jason, L.A., So, S., Brown, A.A., Sunnquist, M., & Evans, M. (2015). Test-retest reliability of the DePaul Symptom Questionnaire. Fatigue: Biomedicine, Health & Behavior3(1), 16-32. PMCID: PMC4788471 http://doi.org/10.1080/21641846.2014.978110

Jason, L.A., Sunnquist, M., Brown, A., Evans, M., Vernon, S.D., Furst, J., & Simonis, V. (2014). Examining case definition criteria for chronic fatigue syndrome and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis. Fatigue: Biomedicine, Health, and Behavior, 2, 40-56. PMCID: PMC3912876 https://doi.org/10.1080/21641846.2013.862993

Hutchinson, C.V., Maltby, J., Badham, S.P., & Jason, L.A. (2014). Vision-related symptoms as a clinical feature of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis? Evidence from the DePaul Symptom Questionnaire. British Journal of Ophthalmology, 98, 144-145. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2013-304439

Brown, A.A., & Jason, L.A. (2014). Validating a measure of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome symptomatology. Fatigue: Biomedicine, Health & Behavior, 2, 132–152. PMCID: PMC4871625 https://doi.org/10.1080/21641846.2014.928014

Jason, L.A., Brown, A., Evans, M., Sunnquist, M., & Newton, J.L. (2013). Contrasting Chronic Fatigue Syndrome versus Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Fatigue: Biomedicine, Health & Behavior1, 168–183.  PMCID: PMC3728084 https://doi.org/10.1080/21641846.2013.774556

Jason, L.A., Evans, M., Porter, N., Brown, M., Brown, A., Hunnell, J., Anderson, V., Lerch, A., De Meirleir, K., & Friedberg, F. (2010). The development of a revised Canadian Myalgic Encephalomyelitis-Chronic Fatigue Syndrome case definition. American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 6(2), 120-135. https://doi.org/10.3844/ajbbsp.2010.120.135

 

DSQ-2

Bedree, H., Sunnquist, M., & Jason, L.A. (2019). The DePaul Symptom Questionnaire-2: A validation study. Fatigue: Biomedicine, Health & Behavior, 7(3), 166-179. PMCID: PMC7367506 https://doi.org/10.1080/21641846.2019.1653471

Jason, L.A., Ohanian, D., Brown, A., Sunnquist, M., McManimen, S., Klebek, L., Fox, P., & Sorenson, M. (2017). Differentiating Multiple Sclerosis from Myalgic Encephalomyelitis and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Insights in Biomedicine, 2:11. PMCID: PMC5800741 https://doi.org/10.21767/2572-5610.100011

Ohanian, D., Brown, A., Sunnquist, M., Furst, J., Nicholson, N., Klebek, L., & Jason, L.A. (2016). Identifying key symptoms differentiating Myalgic Encephalomyelitis and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome from Multiple Sclerosis. EC Neurology4, 41-45.

 

DSQ-SF (Short-Form)

Shaheen, N., & Shaheen, A. (2022). Study Protocol Clinical Trial Medicine ® Long-term sequelae of COVID-19 (myalgic encephalomyelitis) An international cross-sectional study. Medicine, 101: e31819. 10.1097/MD.0000000000031819.

Rekeland IG, Sørland K, Bruland O, Risa K, Alme K, Dahl O, et al. (2022) Activity monitoring and patient-reported outcome measures in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome patients. PLoS ONE 17(9): e0274472. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274472

Jimeno‑Almazán, A., Martínez‑Cava, A.,  Buendía‑Romero, A., Franco‑López, F., Sánchez‑Agar, J.A., Sánchez‑Alcaraz, B.J., Tufano, J.J., Pallarés, J.G., & Courel‑Ibáñez, J. (2022). Relationship between the severity of persistent symptoms, physical fitness, and cardiopulmonary function in post‑COVID‑19 condition. A population‑based analysis. Internal and Emergency Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11739-022-03039-0

Froehlich, L., Hattesohl, D.B.R., Cotler, J., Jason, L.A., Scheibenbogen, C., & Behrends, U.  (2021b). Causal attributions and perceived stigma for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/ Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Journal of Health Psychology. Published online July 9, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1177/13591053211027631

Froehlich, L., Hattesohl, D. B. R., Jason, L. A., Scheibenbogen, C., Behrends, U., & Thoma, M. (2021). Medical care situation of people with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic fatigue syndrome in Germany. Medicina, 57(7), 646. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina57070646

Sunnquist, M., Lazarus, S., & Jason, L. A. (2019). The development of a short form of the DePaul Symptom Questionnaire. Rehabilitation Psychology, 64(4), 453–462. https://doi.org/10.1037/rep0000285

 

DSQ- PEM

Cotler, J., Katz, B.Z., Reurts-Post, C., Vermeulen, R., & Jason, L.A. (2020). A hierarchical logistic regression predicting rapid respiratory rates from post-exertional malaise. Fatigue: Biomedicine, Health & Behavior8(4), 205-213. PMCID: PMC9610439.  https://doi.org/10.1080/21641846.2020.1845287​​

Holtzman, C.S., Fisher, C., Bhatia, S., & Jason, L.A. (2020). Factors affecting the characterization of post-exertional malaise derived from patient input. Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice, 13(2), 51-64.

Holtzman, C.S., BhatiaS., Cotler, J., & Jason, L.A. (2019). Assessment of post-exertional malaise (PEM) in patients with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (ME) and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS): A patient-driven survey. Diagnostics, 9(1), 26. PMCID: PMC6468435 https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics9010026

McManimen, S. L., Sunnquist, M. L., & Jason, L. A. (2019). Deconstructing post-exertional malaise: An exploratory factor analysis. Journal of Health Psychology, 24(2), 188–198. PMCID: PMC5325824 https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105316664139

Jason, L.A., McManimen, S., Sunnquist, M., & Holtzman, C. (2018). Patient perceptions of post exertional malaise. Fatigue: Biomedicine, Health & Behavior, 6, 92-105. https://doi.org/10.1080/21641846.2018.1453265

Cotler, J., Holtzman, C., Dudun, C., & Jason, L.A. (2018). A brief questionnaire to assess post-exertional malaise. Diagnostics, 8, 66. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics8030066

 

DSQ- PED

Sorg, A. L., Becht, S., Marietta, J., Armann, J., Both, U. V., Hufnagel, M., Lander, F., Liese, J. G., Niehues, T., Verjans, E., Wetzke, M., Stojanov, S., Behrends, U., Drosten, C., Schroten, H., & Kries, R. V. (2022). Association of SARS-CoV-2 Seropositivity with ME/CFS among children and adolescents in Germany. JAMA Network Open 5(9). doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.33454

Ekberg, K., Torres, C., & Jason, L.A. (in press). Parent-child discrepancies in health-related quality of life of children and adolescents with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Quality of Life Research. Published online June 30, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-021-02919-w

Jason, L.A., Katz, B.Z., Sunnquist, M., Torres, C., Cotler, J., & Bhatia, S. (2020). The prevalence of pediatric myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome in a community-based sample. Child & Youth Care Forum, 49(4), 563-579. PMCID: PMC8186295  https://doi.org/10.1007/s10566-019-09543-3

Schultz, K.R., Katz, B.Z., Bockian, N.R., & Jason, L.A. (2019). Relationships between autonomic and orthostatic self-report and physician ratings of orthostatic intolerance in youth. Clinical Therapeutics41, 633-640. PMCID: PMC6478562 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinthera.2019.02.010

Jason LA, Katz BZ, Mears C, Jantke R, Brown A, Sunnquist M, O'Connor K. (2015). Issues in estimating rates of pediatric chronic fatigue syndrome and myalgic encephalomyelitis in a community-based sample. Avicenna J Neuropsychophysiol, 2(4):e37281. doi: 10.17795/ajnpp-37281

Jason, L.A., Porter, N., Shelleby, E.,Till, L., Bell, D.S., Lapp, C.W., Rowe, K., & DeMeirleir, K. (2010). Examining criteria to diagnose ME/CFS in pediatric samples. Journal of Behavioral Health & Medicine, 1(3)186-195. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0100551

Jason, L.A., Porter, N., Shelleby, E., Till, L., Bell, D.S., Lapp, C.W., Rowe, K., & De Meirleir, K. (2009). Severe versus moderate criteria for the new pediatric case definition for ME/CFS. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 40, 609–620. PMID: 19513826 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-009-0147-8